MPO and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, current smoking (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.06–2.84; p = 0.030) and beta blocker use (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.04–3.16; p = 0.036) were significant determinants of high circulating MPO levels, independent of age, sex, obesity, OSA, history of AMI, and CABG at baseline (Figure 2).