ALB and chronic kidney disease: The EMPA KIDNEY study [80] included 6609 patients with CKD, defined as an eGFR of 20 -< 45 mL/min/1.73 m2 or 45 -< 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of at least 200 mg/g.