NFE2L2 and cancer: Notably, many clinical studies have shown that accumulation of NRF2 is associated with poor prognosis in tumours of the brain, lung, esophageal, breast, hepatocellular, bladder, pancreatic, cervical, melanoma, ovarian, gastric, and colorectal (reviewed in [17]), indicating that NRF2 and its downstream effectors can be considered as prognostic factors in a wide range of cancers.