MAPK1 and glioblastoma: The case in point is bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), from the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa), which significantly reduces protein levels associated with the PI3K/AKT, Ras/MEK/ERK pathways, which reduces the expression of NF-κB, MMP-2, MMP-9, and N-cadherin, thereby inhibiting cell migration and invasion of GBM [100].