A study showed that metformin had an antiproliferative effect related to changes in the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor (NRF-2)/NF-κB pathways on human colon cancer cells (HT-29) in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and exerted growth inhibitory effects by increasing both apoptosis and autophagy [48]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and colonic neoplasm.