The blood samples of both patients with IBD and healthy individuals consist of colonic IL-23(+) neutrophils expressing the C-X-C motifs (CXC)R1 and CXCR2, receptors for the CXC ligand 8 (CXCL8) chemokine family, and a corresponding CXCR1(+)CXCR2(+)IL-23(+)subpopulation of neutrophils, although CXCL8-family chemokines were only found to be elevated in the colon tissue of patients with IBD [50]. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.