Number of urinary immune-related molecules have been proposed to be the urinary biomarkers for LN, including TGF-β [130], IL-2, IFN-γ [131], MCP-1/CCL2 [132], interferon-γ-inducible protein-1 (IP-10/CXCL10), CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) [133], TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis [134], adhesion molecules, VCAM-1, and P-selectin [135]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to lobular neoplasia.