In a small study, Bontekoe et al. [29] hypothesized that Ang-2, as a vascular remodeling, endothelial instability, and inflammation biomarker, is a common denominator of atrial fibrillation (AF) and Stage 5 CKD on hemodialysis (CKD5-HD). This evidence concerns the gene ANGPT2 and atrial fibrillation.