INS and diabetes mellitus: According to a nationwide survey [66] conducted by the Japan Diabetes Society, the predictors of progression to an insulin-dependent state include: (1) the age of onset is ≤47 years, (2) a period until GADA positive detection of ≤5 years, (3) GADA titer (RIA method) ≥13.6 U/mL, and (4) fasting C-peptide ≤ 0.65 ng/mL.