CNN2 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Serum samples from patients with HCC, gastric cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatitis, or cirrhosis (31 cases each) and healthy controls (32 cases) were analyzed using the SEREX technique.XL1-Blue MRF’ Escherichia coli was transfected with CNN2-λ-ZAP and λ-ZAP, respectively, and cultured in LB solid medium to produce plaque.