Current scientific guidelines recommend the screening of genetic alterations in several genes, including ALK, BRAF V600, EGFR, HER2, KRAS G12C, MET, NTRK1-3, RET, and ROS1 in patients with NSCLC, as drugs targeting these proteins have demonstrated unprecedented efficacy. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.