BRAF and melanoma: Indeed, in the presence of BRAF mutation, both anti-BRAF targeted therapies, such as dabrafenib or vemurafenib, and checkpoint inhibitors, such as the anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockers nivolumab and pembrolizumab, or the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) blocker ipilimumab can be used, while in BRAF-wild type melanoma patients, only immunotherapy can be delivered [6].