HMGB1 and ulcer disease: The pre-treatment with BIEE reduced the level of HMGB1 expression, which plays a part in accelerating the healing of stomach ulcers, These results are in agreement with previous findings of Manivannan, et al. [45], on the inflammatory responses caused by HMGB1, posing it as a functional biomarker for brain injury and neuro-inflammation and, likewise, as potential target in disease management to be explored further in the case of ulcer.