Some new biomarkers may be very helpful during the primary diagnosis of PCa, with some studies already having indicated their usefulness in the assessment of biopsy material by a histopathologist (Appl1, Sortilin, Syndecan-1, p63), while others have indicated that they may be used in the non-invasive diagnosis of PCa (AMACR, PSMA) in the future. The gene discussed is SDC1; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.