Similarly, in experimentally induced chronic kidney failure [114], the administration of renalase ameliorates kidney and cardiac phenotypes observed as significantly reduced proteinuria, glomerular hypertrophy, renal interstitial fibrosis, hypertension, cardiomyocytes hypertrophy, cardiac interstitial fibrosis, and the prevention of cardiac remodeling through the inhibition of pro-fibrotic gene expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and Interstitial cardiac fibrosis.