In the LRRK2-I1371V PD astrocytes, a distinct reduction in glutathione content was noted in comparison with that in the HC astrocytes, which may have been due to the lower expressions of GSS, GR, and GCLC (catalytic unit of GCL) in the PD astrocytes along with reduced levels of ATP that are needed by GSS. Here, LRRK2 is linked to Parkinson disease.