TGFB1 and neoplasm: First of all, it is an immunologically “cold” tumor, characterized by a tumor microenvironment (TME) enriched with immunosuppressive cytokines including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-B), interleukine-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and immune regulatory cells (T-regulatory lymphocytes, ‘protumoral’ M2 macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages) that turn off inflammation and disable an effective immune response by T CD8+ lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells [16,17,18,19,20,21].