The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines for the genetic diagnosis of MDS/MPN/AML recommends bone marrow cytogenetic analysis using karyotyping and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), in addition to molecular analysis for at least JAK2, CALR, and MPL genes for MPN and c-KIT, FLT3 (ITD and TKD), NPM1, CEBPA (biallelic), IDH1, and IDH2 for AML. This evidence concerns the gene NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia.