In agreement with the key role of caspase-1 in the MDD [5, 8], in our study, CRS significantly increased the expression of caspase-1-IL-1β in the serum and hippocampus, and genetic deficiency of caspase-1 prevented CRS-induced depression-like behaviors via inhibiting the expression of IL-1β. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is major depressive disorder.