Under the influence of GBM, GAMs are a major source of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β [53], IL-8 [54], IL-10 [55]) and chemokines (e.g., CCL2 [25], CCL4 [56], CCL5 [57]) that support GBM growth [58] and mitigate anti-tumor immune function [10]. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and glioblastoma.