Based on this premise, two empirical hypothesis-oriented dietary patterns have previously been developed and validated: (1) the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), to assess the potential of a diet to contribute to chronic systemic inflammation [7,8,9], and (2) the empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), to assess the potential of a diet to contribute to insulin resistance and the insulin response [10]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is hyperinsulinism.