In PCa, in particular, acetylcarnitine was shown to downregulate different pathways involved in angiogenesis (such as VEGF and CXCL8) and invasion (via the downregulation of CXCR4/CXCL12 and MMP-9), playing, therefore, a protective role against PCa development. The gene discussed is CXCR4; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.