A total of 281 (12.8%) respondents reported that they had taken the Pap smear for the early detection of cervical cancer, while 145 (6.6%) reported that they had undergone an endoscopy or occult stool examination for the early detection of colorectal cancer, 67 (3%) had experienced prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing for prostate cancer, and 21 (0.9%) respondents had computed tomography scans performed for lung cancer screening in smokers (Appendix A; Q34). Here, KLK3 is linked to prostate cancer.