These novel “artificial neurotrophins” are urgently to expand to other NDD therapy, because many studies reported the benefits of neurotrophic therapy against a variety of human diseases such as ALS, AD, PD, autism, schizophrenia, and alcohol exposure.[31] On the other hand, large epidemiological studies have additionally identified binge drinking as a major risk for developing severe NDDs.[32] Additionally, a series of studies also showed that bSWNTs exerted multiple neuroprotective effects in multiple disease models. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Parkinson disease.