Regarding the risks of the secondary outcomes (all-cause death, reMI, stroke, cardiac death, HF hospitalization, and unplanned revascularization), there were no significant differences regardless of the classification of Lp(a) in the Kaplan–Meier curves (Fig. 2 and Additional file 3: Fig. S3, Additional file 4: Fig. S4, Additional file 5: Fig. S5) and the Cox regression models (Additional file 16: Table S2). Here, LPA is linked to stroke disorder.