JAK1 and melanoma: The loss of type I interferon signaling has been observed upon malignant progression to metastatic dissemination and as a mechanism of immune-evasion, particularly as an adaptive response to immune checkpoint blockade in malignant melanoma and epithelial cancers, through loss of the type I interferon ligands cluster on chromosome 9p or through mutations of JAK1/2 (refs. 37–39).