Serum tests comprise simple and inexpensive (non-patented) tests such as aspartat aminotransferase (AST)/alanin aminotransferase (ALT) ratio, AST to platelet ratio index (APRI), Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) compared with patented tests such as the FibroTest®, Fibrometer®, and Hepascore®. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.