Consistent with the effects of endogenous c-KIT+FOXF1+ EPCs (Ren et al., 2019), treatment with ESC-derived c-KIT+FOXF1+ EPCs (via in vitro cell differentiation) was successful in increasing endothelial coverage, restoring the density of the pulmonary microvasculature, and decreasing the size of alveolar spaces in the mouse BPD model. The gene discussed is FOXF1; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.