In the same study, the authors reported that colony-stimulating factor 2 (also known as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; CSF2/GM-CSF) signaling in astrocytes drives the expression of MAFG, MAT2A, and pro-inflammatory transcriptional modules, possibly leading to MS (Wheeler et al., 2020; Ohno et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and myeloid sarcoma.