Studies have shown that HDAC3 is abnormally active in fibrotic kidneys caused by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN), and its deletion can promote the expression of klotho to fight against kidney fibrosis (Chun, 2018; Chen et al., 2021). The gene discussed is HDAC3; the disease is Ureteral obstruction.