These results suggest that CysLTR1 and CysLTR2 play a role in microglia activation and neuroinflammation after cerebral ischemia and that CysLTR1 and CysLTR2 antagonists may serve as new anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of microglia inflammation and neurotoxicity following cerebral ischemia. The gene discussed is CYSLTR2; the disease is Cerebral ischemia.