HMGB1 and epilepsy: For example, there is evolving evidence that the circulating inflammatory marker HMGB1 may predict seizure severity and drug resistance at epilepsy diagnosis.141,142 Similarly, polygenic risk scores will assume an increasing role in enhancing risk prediction models and clinical pathways.143 EEG-based prognosis can be limited in resource-poor settings, or when relying on age-related EEG markers (such as GSW before ASM is started, or PPR in adolescence) but the opportunity for that EEG was missed, and the patient is now an adult.