MTOR and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Besides, in the ALD model, L. reuteri has also been reported to show protective effects against galactosamine-induced liver injury and high-fat diet non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mediated through gut dysbiosis and p-AKT/mTOR/LC-3II pathways (Jiang et al., 2021; Seif el-Din et al., 2021).