TNF and lobular neoplasia: Besides, this study also elucidated that TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway might be involved in the pharmacological effect of HDH against LN (Figures 4A, 5A, C).