NLRP3 and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: NLRP3 gain‐of‐function mutations are associated with inheritable disorders such as cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndromes (CAPS: Muckle–Wells syndrome, familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome and neonatal‐onset multisystem inflammatory disease)12 and has also been associated with the pathophysiology of several complex multi‐organ diseases, notably neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease), cardiovascular, metabolic (diabetes and obesity), pulmonary (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma) diseases and cancer.8