Children exposed to 1–4 drinks/week were 8.5 fold more likely to present with FAS/pFAS facial phenotypes, the risk was 2.5 fold increased in children with a single binge exposure in gestational weeks 3–4, the magnitude of expression of the FAS facial phenotype was significantly correlated with all other diagnostic features (growth deficiency, microcephaly and measures of CNS dysfunction). The gene discussed is FAS; the disease is microcephaly.