TGFB1 and heart failure: Moreover, in addition to the beneficial and restorative positive role of TGF-β, there are disadvantages as follows: TGF-β plays an important role in postangioplasty restenosis and postinfarction myocardial remodeling (leading to heart failure), and it also plays a role in many blood circulation disorders that are related to fibrosis and vascular regeneration (22).