SERPINE1 and Obesity: Imbalanced lipid profiles and inflammatory factors, such as Galectin-3, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β,) which are related to body composition and obesity, play a significant role in increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases (17).