To validate the relationship between TLS and the immune infiltration of TME, we utilized an independent cohort comprising 29 patients with anti-PD-1 therapy and surgery, and 51 patients with surgery to assess the Klintrup–Mäkinen score by using the H & E staining of CRC tissues or invasive margins (Figure 6G), when dichotomy was also applied to patients by the existence of TLS. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and colorectal carcinoma.