NPPB and cardiac hypertrophy: Signore et al. (16) showed that the level of NT-proBNP decreased, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure decreased, LVEF increased, cardiac systolic and diastolic function improved, cardiac blood flow and myocardial oxygenation increased, and myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and remodeling decreased in renal anemia rats treated with HIF-PHI.