To confirm that c-Abl genetic ablation reduces the hippocampal-dependent memory deficits in AD mice we used a new set of mice and applied the Memory Flexibility (MF) test, which is a variation of the Morris Water Maze (MWM) as it has been seen to be more sensitive to hippocampal dysfunction in older mice (Chen et al., 2000). Here, ABL1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.