Combining 2 or more intraoperative detection methods, such as ALA, fluorescein, anti- EGFR, or anti-VEGFR targeted fluorophores, quantum dot nanoparticles, or other agents, holds potential in targeting different subtypes of high-grade gliomas simultaneously, thereby improving intraoperative tumor detection and gross total resection. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and central nervous system cancer.