Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in PNPLA3 and TM6SF2 have been linked to NAFLD, cirrhosis, and HCC,25,26,27 whereas SNVs in HSD17B13 and MTARC1 reduce fat accumulation and protect against liver disease.28,29,30 In previous studies,31,32,33 SERPINA1 rs28929474 showed a significant association with liver disease severity. This evidence concerns the gene PNPLA3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.