Diabetes is a serious, chronic disease characterised by elevated blood glucose concentrations related to the effects of abnormal β-cell biology on insulin action.1, 2, 3, 4, 5 According to estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, diabetes was the eighth leading cause of death and disability combined in the world, with nearly 460 million people across every country and age group living with the disease in 2019.6 Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.