It was previously shown that the expression of E7 and both E6 and E7 downregulate the basal and tumor necrosis factor-α–induced NF-κB activity in the cervical transformation zone where most cervical cancers start to develop; the effect of E6 on tumor necrosis factor-α–induced NF-κB activity is rather mild (40, 41). Here, TNF is linked to cervical carcinoma.