We revealed a higher proportion of PD-1+ and PD-1+CD103+ CD8+ T cells in HBV tetramer+CD8+ T cells than that in total CD8+ T cells in TB, but not in INT (Fig. 4E), suggesting that HBV-specific CD8+ T cells are more exhausted and enriched in PD-1+CD8+ TRM cells in TB (Fig. 4F). Here, ITGAE is linked to tuberculosis.