PPIG and stage 5 chronic kidney disease: Other various factors such as sex, genetic variation of CYP enzymes, moderate hepatic function impairment, end-stage renal disease, proton pump inhibitors (PPI), and cigarette smoking act on the function of CYP subtype, and previous or concurrent use of clopidogrel, heparin, or warfarin were reported to not affect the residual platelet reactivity of prasugrel [12].