In mouse models of contact hypersensitivity, MCMV infection, and liver injury, ILC1s with high expression of cytokine receptors (IL-7R, CD25, and/or IL-18R) highly proliferate and accumulate in AL, thereby forming the memory and protecting liver from infection and injury (Nabekura et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2018; Weizman et al., 2019). The gene discussed is IL18R1; the disease is infection.