OGN and colorectal cancer: In colorectal cancer, OGN was found to induce VEGF inhibition, thereby enhancing the infiltration of T lymphocytes in the tumor.[36] In gastric cancer, OGN has also been reported to cause differences in immune cell infiltration and immune function between the tumor group and the control group.[37] Research reports that OGN can be considered as a key candidate marker gene for EC,[29] which is basically consistent with our research results.