Furthermore, previous studies have shown that targeting immunosuppressive macrophages by using anti-CSF1R antibodies (19, 25) or stimulating the effector macrophages by using anti-CD40 antibodies (23, 24) have significantly decreased neuroblastoma growth in MYCN driven NB mouse models, suggesting that “re-educating” TAMs into immunostimulatory phenotype can be an effective strategy to improve responses to immunotherapy in NB. Here, CSF1R is linked to neuroblastoma.