Intriguingly, in 2004, the study on Framingham offspring (European decent) found no significant cardiac risk between the different Hp phenotypes in general population, but subgroup analysis found a disparate result, demonstrating an increased risk of incident CHD in Hp 1-1 patients with diabetes and a decreased risk of CHD mortality in Hp 1-1 patients without diabetes [124]. Here, HP is linked to diabetes mellitus.